What is Hip Arthroscopy?

Hip arthroscopy is a minimally invasive surgical procedure used to diagnose and treat problems within the hip joint. This technique involves inserting a small camera, called an arthroscope, into the hip joint through tiny incisions. The camera displays images on a monitor, allowing the surgeon to see inside the joint and perform necessary surgical repairs using miniature instruments. Hip arthroscopy is less invasive than traditional surgery, leading to quicker recovery times and less postoperative pain.

How is Hip Arthroscopy Done?

1. Preoperative Assessment: The patient undergoes a thorough evaluation, including medical history, physical examination, and imaging studies such as X-rays or MRI scans to assess the hip condition.
2. Anaesthesia: The procedure is typically performed under general anaesthesia or regional anaesthesia, ensuring the patient is pain-free during the surgery.
3. Incisions: Small incisions (portals) are made around the hip to insert the arthroscope and surgical instruments.
4. Inspection and Diagnosis: The arthroscope is inserted into the hip joint, providing a clear view of the internal structures. The surgeon inspects the joint to diagnose the issue accurately.
5. Surgical Repair: Depending on the diagnosis, the surgeon uses specialised instruments to perform necessary repairs, such as removing or repairing torn cartilage, smoothing bone spurs, or treating labral tears.
6. Closure: The instruments are removed, and the incisions are closed with sutures or steri-strips. A sterile dressing is applied to the hip.

Why is Hip Arthroscopy Done?

Hip arthroscopy is performed to diagnose and treat a variety of hip joint problems that cause pain, instability, and impaired function. It is commonly used for conditions that do not respond to non-surgical treatments such as physical therapy, medications, or injections. The procedure allows for direct visualisation and treatment of issues within the hip joint with minimal disruption to surrounding tissues.

Who Might Need Hip Arthroscopy?

Hip arthroscopy is recommended for individuals experiencing:

• Persistent hip pain that does not respond to conservative treatments.
• Hip instability or mechanical symptoms, such as catching, locking, or clicking.
• Limited range of motion in the hip joint.
• Pain associated with specific activities or movements.
• Symptoms of hip impingement or labral tears.

Conditions Treated with Hip Arthroscopy

• Femoroacetabular Impingement (FAI): A condition where bone spurs develop around the hip joint, causing pain and limiting movement.
• Labral Tears: Tears in the cartilage (labrum) that rims the hip socket.
• Hip Dysplasia: Abnormal development of the hip joint.
• Loose Bodies: Fragments of bone or cartilage that are floating within the joint.
• Synovitis: Inflammation of the synovial membrane.
• Cartilage Damage: Damage to the cartilage within the hip joint.

Recovery Times

Recovery time after hip arthroscopy varies depending on the specific procedure performed and the individual patient’s condition. Generally:

• Initial Recovery: Most patients can go home the same day of the surgery.
• Resumption of Activities: Light activities and return to work can typically resume within a few days to a week, depending on the nature of the job.
• Physical Therapy: A rehabilitation programme begins soon after surgery to restore strength, flexibility, and function.
• Full Recovery: Most patients experience significant improvement within 3 to 6 months, though full recovery can take several months, particularly for more extensive repairs.

Tips for a Good Recovery

1. Follow Postoperative Instructions: Adhere to your surgeon’s guidelines on wound care, activity restrictions, and medication.
2. Physical Therapy: Participate in prescribed physical therapy exercises to enhance strength and mobility.
3. Rest and Elevation: Keep the hip elevated and avoid strenuous activities to reduce swelling.
4. Ice Therapy: Apply ice packs to the hip to reduce pain and inflammation.
5. Healthy Diet: Maintain a balanced diet to support healing and overall health.
6. Monitor for Reactions: Watch for any signs of adverse reactions, such as increased pain or swelling, and report them to your doctor promptly.

Conclusion

Hip arthroscopy is an effective and minimally invasive option for diagnosing and treating a variety of hip conditions. By allowing direct visualisation and treatment of the joint, this procedure can significantly reduce pain, improve function, and speed up recovery times compared to traditional open surgery. If you are experiencing hip pain or instability that has not responded to conservative treatments, hip arthroscopy with Professor Ali Ghoz may be the right option for you. Consult with Professor Ghoz to discuss your condition and develop a personalised treatment plan tailored to your needs.